Combined metabolic activators to treat mitochondrial dysfunction Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common feature of many human diseases and is emerging as a therapeutic target. Systems biology and multiomics approaches have revealed that l Carnitine reduces reactive oxygen species endoplasmic reticulum stress and maintains mitochondrial function during autophagy mediated cell apoptosis in perfluorooctanesulfonate treated renal tubular cells Scientific Reports Protective effects of CoQ10 and L carnitine against antidepressant induced mitochondrial dysfunction and teratogenicity in chicken embryos ScienceDirect Medium chain fatty acid oxidation is independent of l carnitine in liver and kidney but not in heart and skeletal muscle American Journal of Physiology Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology American Physiological Society Role of carnitine in disease Nutrition & Metabolism Springer Nature Link